### Get recomended chip load per milling cutter diamter and workpiece materilal

#### Meaning #1 – As used in miiling catalogs, and by most machinists.

The maximum load that the cutting edge of a specific milling cutter (or indexable insert) can withstand without yielding or having a very short tool-life.

The chip load is specified in mm/tooth or Inch per tool (IPT) units. What makes this property very useful, is the fact that it depends only on the geometry of the cutting edge and the type of workpiece material, and does not depend at all on application conditions such as speed or depth of cut. It is convenient for both the tool suppliers and the users. For the suppliers it enables them to list the recommended feed rates in one number, independent of the application conditions. The programmer or cam software can calculate the correct table feed according to the chip load and the other application parameters. It is convenient for the users because once they figure out a chip load that works well for them for a combination of a specific cutter and raw material, they can use this data with confidence in many other applications by calculating each time the table feed based on the known chip load.

#### Meaning #2 – The physcial meaning of the property.

The maximum width of the chip that the tooth (or indexable inerts) of a milling cutter cuts out of the material in one spindle rotation.

Please look at figure-1 above and note the following important remarks:

• The chip load equalts exactlty to the feed per tooth (Fz) when the radial depth of cut (Ae) is greater or equal to the cutter radius. As Ae becomes smaller the chip load also becomes smaller. Some people refer to the Fz as if it is the chip load. This is a mistake since it is not true in all conditions!
• The width of the chip is largest at the point of entry and grdualy gets smaller, until it is zero at the point of exit. The chip load is the maximum value. A related term is Average Chip thickness which is used for force and power calculations.

## Getting Cutting Data from Chip Load

### To calculate the Milling Feed Rate you will need first to prepare the following basic data:

1. Chi pLoad [CL] – What you obtained from this calculator.
2. Cutter Shape [90°, Ballnose, Chamfaring, Round, etc]
3. Cutter Diameter [D] – If you are using a shaped cutter (Non 90°), take cato use the Effctive Cutter Diameter.
4. Number of Tooth [Z]

The user always knows the above three.

1. Radial Depth of Cut [Ae] – Depends on how you plan to prefoprm your application.
2. Cutting Speed [Vc] – Get wit with our Speeds and Feeds Calculator or from the tool supplier’s catalog/website.

### Whith the above parmeters you can proceed to calculate the Milling Feed(Table Feed)

1. Calculate the Chip Thinning factors in order to get the Feed per Tooth.
The Chip Thinning factors make sure that the actual Feed per Tooth [Fz} will maintain the desired Chip Load according to the tool geometry and application settings.
2. Radial Chip Thinning Factor [RCTF] –
Radial chip thinning factor should be implemented with the Radial Depth of Cut [Ae] is smaller than the cutter’s radius. (When Ae is bigger the factor is 1). At very small Ae the factor can be up to 3 times!
##### Radial Chip Thinning factor calculation:
$$\large RCTF =$$

$$\huge \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\left ( 1 – 2 \times \frac{Ae}{D} \right )^{2}}}$$

1. Aproach Angle Chip Thinning Factor [ACTF] –
The Aproach Angle Chip Thinning factor should be implemented when the cutter is not a standard 90° shape (For example a Ballnose or Chamfaring cutter).
##### Chip Thinning factor for Chamfer/feed miiling cutters:
$$\large ACTF =$$

$$\huge \frac{1}{\sin({K_{apr})}}$$

##### For other shaped (like Ballnose, Round inserts, etc.) visit our Chip Thinning Calculater.
1. Calculate the Feed per Tooth, based on the Chip load and Chip thinning factors:

$$\large F_z = CL \times RCTF \times \ ACTF$$
1. Calculate the RPM from the Cutting Speed and Cutter Diameter:
$$\large n = \frac{ \huge \unicode{86}_c \times 12}{\huge \pi \times D}$$

* If your Vc is in m/min units use 1000 instaed of 12 in the above formula.

1. Final Stage: Calculate the Table Feed:
$$\large \unicode{86}_f = F_z \times n \times Z$$